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►
BOOKS on the BUDD
FAMILY
► EUCHRE - The Card Game
Euchre (pronounced yuker) is a card game
brought to the Northeast section of North America by French
settlers. It now enjoys popularity in Eastern Canada as well as
summer camps across America. It resembles bridge mildly, but
requires less thought, making it the perfect game to play if you
wish to continue your conversation.
RULES
► BUDD LAKE, New Jersey
Elevation: 1060 feet
Land area: 5.85 square miles
Population density: 1384 people per square mile
Ancestries: Italian (26.8%), Irish (20.3%), German
(19.8%), Polish (8.9%), English (7.5%), United States (4.1%).
Races in
Budd Lake: White Non-Hispanic (82.5%), Hispanic (6.6%), Black (3.5%), Asian Indian (2.6%), Two or more races (2.0%), Other race (1.5%), Chinese (1.2%). Filipino (0.7%), Other Asian (0.7%)
MAPS & READ MORE STATS
► TASTE BUDD'S, Inc /
Culinary Institute of America - New York
Budd, Daniel
► BUDD
COMPANY
The Budd Company (now
ThyssenKrupp Budd) is a metal fabricator and major supplier
of body components to the
automobile industry. The company's headquarters
are in
Troy, Michigan. It was founded in
1912 by
Edward G. Budd, whose fame came from his
company's invention of the 'shotweld'
technique for joining pieces
of stainless steel without damaging its anti-corrosion properties.
An Automotive
Pioneer
In 1916, Budd built one of the very first
steel car bodies, for
Dodge.[1]
They held an interest in
Pressed Steel Company
(Cowley,
England), which built bodies for
Ford, and
Ambi-Budd
(Germany), which supplied
Adler,
Audi,
BMW,
NAG and
Wanderer; and
earned royalties from
Bliss (who
built bodies for
Citroen and
Ford {Dagenham,
England}).[2]
The Budd Company also created the first "safety" two-piece truck
wheel, used extensively in World War II, and also built truck cargo
bodies for the U.S. military.
In
1949, Budd
built ten
prototype
stainless steel
R-11
subway cars
for the New York Board of Transportation[3];
these were intended for the
Second Avenue Subway[4].
In the
1950s Budd
built a set of two-story or high-level cars for the
Santa Fe's
El Capitan
and
Super Chief
passenger trains, which became the prototypes for the
Amtrak
Superliner
cars of the
1980s. Budd
also built two-story gallery passenger cars for
Chicago-area
commuter service on the
Milwaukee Road,
Burlington Route,
and
Rock Island
lines during the
1960s and
1970s; most
of these cars are still in service on today's
Metra routes.
Stainless steel Budd cars originally built for the
Canadian Pacific Railway's
1955 train
The Canadian
are still in service with
Via Rail Canada.
Since
1951 two
formations of 6 Budd cars run a weekly service called "El
Marplatense" from Buenos Aires to the ocean-side city of Mar del
Plata in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina for
Ferrobaires;
the cars were originally built for the Chesapeake & Ohio RR.
Budd-patented processes and designs were also used in France and
Belgium after World War 2 to construct SNCF electric-powered
multiple-unit cars, push-pull suburban trainsets, Wagons-Lits [CIWL]
sleeping cars and even a small class of SNCF and SNCB four-current
six-axle high speed electric locomotives for Trans Europ Express
service between Paris, Brussels and Amsterdam.
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Train in one car
In
1949, Budd
introduced the
Rail Diesel Car
or RDC, a stainless steel self-propelled 'train in one car' which
both prolonged rail service on many lightly populated railway lines
and provided a flexible, air conditioned car for suburban commuter
service. More than 300 RDCs were built, and some are still in
service in
Canada, the
USA and
Australia.
One example is
OnTrack in
Syracuse, New York.
In the 1960s, Budd built the
Pioneer III
electric m.u. coach for intercity travel.
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Budd
M1
train on the
Long Island Rail Road. |
Six were built and were
bought by the former
Pennsylvania Railroad,
but in 1966, these Pioneer III cars, later called "Silverliner I"
cars, were replaced with the "Silverliner II" cars, which used the
Pioneer III body, but with many improvements, for Philadelphia-area
commuter rail service on both the PRR and
Reading Company
lines. Budd was also contracted to build the original
Metroliner
m.u. coaches for Washington-New York City service on the
Northeast Corridor,
but these have since been either retired or de-powered and used as
cab cars.
Currently, the "Silverliner II" cars, which are now slated to be
retired starting in 2010 with the new
ROTEM-built "Silverliner
V" models, have a top speed of 90 mph, but ran at up to 100 mph when
the PRR used them for Philadelphia-Harrisburg service. The
Metroliner m.u. cars operated at 110 to 125 mph, although
breakdowns in the system lead to Amtrak to derate them to 90 mph,
despite the advertised speed of 150 mph – speeds regularly achieved
by Amtrak's
TGV-based
Acela
service. Since their retirement from regular service, Amtrak has
used the Metroliner m.u. coaches as cab-coaches on various
services.
Almond Joys
In
1960, Budd
manufactured the first stainless steel production subway cars for
Philadelphia's
Market-Frankford Line.
270 M-3 cars (nicknamed the "Almond Joys" because the four
hump-shaped ventilators on top of the roof of each car evoked the
famous
Almond Joy
candy bar marketed by
The Hershey Company)
were jointly owned by the
City of Philadelphia
and the
Philadelphia Transportation Company
(now
SEPTA), or
Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation
Authority). 46 single units and 112
married pairs (the pairs were of "mixed" marriage because the
odd-numbered car came with General Electric motors and equipment was
permanently coupled to the even-numbered car, which had
Westinghouse
motors and equipment). These cars were replaced with more modern,
air-conditioned M-4 units in
1997-99,
although some cars were retrucked (the Market-Frankford line is a
broad-gauge line with the running rails 5' 6" apart) and used on the
Norristown High Speed Line
(a standard railroad gauge line, with running rails 4' 8.5" apart)
until
1995.
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Transportation Innovations
During
World War II,
Budd designed and built the
RB-1
transport airplane for the
U.S. Navy
using much stainless steel in place of aluminium. Only 25 were built
but, after the war, 14 aircraft found their way to the fledgling
Flying Tiger Line
and provided a good start for that company. In 1962, Budd
produced a fully functional
concept car,
the
XR-400, for
evaluation by
American Motors Corporation
(AMC). It was designed to use AMC's existing chassis for the
sporty-model market segment before the introduction of the
Ford Mustang.
The proposed car did not enter production. |
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In the
center is
Amtrak
Amfleet
traincar 20138, built by Budd Company. |
In 1966, Budd
designed and manufactured a front
disc brake
system for Chrysler and Imperial automobiles, used for the 1967 and
1968 model years.
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Amtrak's
492
Amfleet I and
150 Amfleet II cars were built by Budd in
1975-77
and
1981-83.
The Amfleet body was recycled for usage in the SPV2000, a
modernized diesel passenger car which was very problematic, saw only
three buyers (Amtrak,
Metro-North
and
Connecticut Department of Transportation),
and saw very premature retirements within 15 years. The fallout from
the SPV2000 furthered the decline of the company.
In the early
1980s, Budd
reorganized its rail operations under the name TransitAmerica,
this name appearing on the builderplates of the Baltimore/Miami cars
and Chicago's later order of 2600-series cars (but not the LIRR/MNCR
M-3s). The new name did not save the company, and in April
1987 Budd
ended all railcar production at its Red Lion plant in
Northeast Philadelphia
and sold its rail designs to
Bombardier Transportation.
Many of its engineers joined the staff of the Philadelphia office of
Louis T. Klauder and Associates, a local railway vehicles and
systems engineering consulting firm. |
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A Budd-built
Baltimore Metro Subway train
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Preservation
Numerous Budd built
railcars are preserved around the country, either in museums or by
private owners, many of who run them in charter service. Their
excellent quality of construction and elegant design have made them
highly prized.
The
Illinois Railway Museum
is home to the
Nebraska Zephyr
articulated train, along with several Budd-built passenger cars.
The
Western Pacific Railroad Museum
at
Portola, California
features several cars from the
California Zephyr,
including dome-lounge car "Silver Hostel" and diner "Silver Plate". |
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A Budd
train built by Mafersa in
São Paulo
Metro Subway |
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